Disclaimer

• Check each result against the governing standard, the manufacturer's data for your parts, and your own judgement.
• Each calculator rests on the assumptions stated in its principle section.
• Standards are revised. Confirm the cited clause is current for your application.
• Safety-related work (mains isolation, medical, automotive, aerospace, functional safety) must be verified against the governing standard and, where required, by a competent body.

Using RobustPCB creates no professional engineering relationship, and no liability is accepted for decisions based on its results.